关于贫血加重机体氧化应激损伤的报道已经有很多(Meroño等,2017;Grune,2000;Akça,2013)。王淼等(2019)对肠道做进一步研究发现,贫血可诱导小鼠结肠上皮结构缺损、结肠氧化损伤及肠道菌群组成改变的病变,该试验表明贫血引起小鼠血清及结肠总氧化能力降低,使得脂质过氧化终产物丙二醛含量显著增加,从而引发氧化应激损伤。ALTUN等(2010)关于贫血女性的研究结果表明,贫血会导致其肠道菌群失衡,Chen等(2011)研究贫血患者的排泄物发现乳酸杆菌水平较低。另有研究表明,肠道菌群失衡也是导致肠道氧化应激的重要原因。肠道中的乳酸菌能够利用自身SOD酶来减少和清除自由基,有效抑制肠道氧化应激的产生(侨艺,2014)。另外,Li等(2016)也发现,贫血会造成肠道通透性增加,屏障作用受损,而发生各种炎症反应。

综上所述,贫血会引起肠道结构损伤、菌群结构不平衡、氧化应激等危害,因此,在替抗大背景下,解决肠道健康不能忽视动物贫血问题。
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